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public class MyAddress extends Address implements SQLData { public MyAddress() { super(); } /* superclass accessors */ /* public void setLine1(String line1) { super.setLine1(line1); } public String getLine1() { return super.getLine1(); } */ /* Other similar accessor methods commented as setLine1 above have been deleted in this listing for clarity and to conserve space */ } } Note that all the setters and getters are inherited from the superclass Address. The ones defined in MyAddress have been commented out by JPublisher. You can uncomment and enhance these methods if required. As noted in the final comment, I deleted the commentedout methods for brevity; if you are running the examples along with the chapter, you should see them. We will now add the method called getAddress() to the generated file MyAddress.java, which in turn invokes the get_address() method of the address object type: public String getAddress( Connection connection ) throws SQLException { String getAddressStmt = "begin := " + getSQLTypeName()+".get_address( ); end;"; CallableStatement cstmt = null; try { cstmt = connection.prepareCall ( getAddressStmt ); cstmt.registerOutParameter ( 1, OracleTypes.VARCHAR ); // pass the second parameter corresponding to the // implicit parameter "self". cstmt.setObject( 2, this ); cstmt.execute();

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Caution Although this book is primarily about programming in F#, be aware that typically only a small

String address = (String) cstmt.getObject( 1 ); return address; } finally { JDBCUtil.close ( cstmt ); } } Note the following: We need to import the classes book.util.JDBCUtil and java.sql.CallableStatement for the MyAddress class after adding the previous method, in order to compile the file MyAddress.java. We pass a Connection object in the wrapper method getAddress(). This is required to execute the object s get_address() method after connecting to the database. In the statement String of our CallableStatement, we have a parameter being passed to the method get_address() method of the address object type, whereas we did not have any parameters in the actual method get_address(), as shown in its signature reproduced below: map member function get_address return varchar2; This extra parameter is used to tell the database the object instance whose get_address() method needs to be invoked. It turns out that Oracle invokes the object methods with an implicit parameter, self (which, if you remember, is the equivalent of the Java keyword this). This implies that when we invoke the method get_address(), Oracle implicitly passes the parameter self to the method, thus invoking the current object s method. In our Java method getAddress(), we bind this additional parameter explicitly with the this value (shown in bold font in the preceding definition of the method). The conversion of the this parameter of the MyAddress Java object to the self parameter of the database object type address is done automatically by the JDBC driver based on the type map information that we set up, as explained in the next section.

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { Database db = DatabaseFactory.CreateDatabase(); GridView1.DataSource = db.ExecuteReader(CommandType.Text, "select * from authors"); GridView1.DataBind(); } You could do this just as easily by caching a DataSet: void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { GridView1.DataSource = GetAuthors(); GridView1.DataBind(); } private DataSet GetAuthors() { DataSet ds; ds = (DataSet)Cache["Authors"]; if (ds == null) { Database db = DatabaseFactory.CreateDatabase(); ds = db.ExecuteDataSet(CommandType.Text, "select * from authors"); Cache.Insert("Authors", ds); } return ds; } In both of these cases, the amount of code is reduced compared to what you d need if you used a Managed Provider directly. Changes to the configuration file can switch the type of database in use. And the connection lifetime is managed by the block, creating consistently in your application s data access code. Regardless of the data access method needed for a given result set, the block standardizes the code and the process that will be used to acquire resources, execute commands, and release those resources. Dynamic SQL generation works fine for limited scenarios. Typically statements are more complex, or data access is being done with stored procedures, which usually require parameters. When parameters are in use, whether they re built into a dynamic SQL statement, or they re input or output parameters to a stored procedure, it is time to use a command wrapper.

portion of a website s content is ultimately represented in F# itself. Indeed, one valid model for using F# on the server side is to simply use it to author custom controls and static DLLs that are referenced by server-side components authored using more standard web programming languages such as C# or Visual Basic. This is easy to do since C# and Visual Basic code can access compiled F# code directly, as discussed in 19. You can find out more about this option at http://www.expert-fsharp.com/Topics/WebDevelopment.

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